Controversial Commander's Cupola

Three-man turrets appeared in the USSR back in the 1930s. The T-28 and T-35 tanks already had a dedicated commander. The problem was that his abilities were limited. He only had a periscope at his disposal, which had a limited field of view. The KV-1 tank that came to replace the T-28 and T-35 kept the overall layout of the fighting compartment. As before, the commander sat in the front right and had a periscope to look through. It was clear by 1940 that this was not enough. Nevertheless, it took a while for engineers to arrive at a classic commander's cupola.

The commander's cupola on the KV-1S tank appeared a full two years after the start of the KV tank family.

Video: Three Way Heavy Tank Contest

In 1939, the Red Army had not one, not two, but three whole heavy tank designs. Find out how they competed and who the winner was in my latest video.

Book Review: Tank by Mark Urban

When I'm asked to review books, they are usually written by tank historians for tank historians. They bristle with technical details, tables of organization, unit numbers, millimeters and kilograms, with some pages more footnotes than text and a thick heft bibliography that can be the size of a chapter of its own. This is not one of those books.